2003

• AbuGhazaleh AA, Schingoethe DJ, Hippen AR, Kalscheur KF. Milk conjugated linoleic acid response to fish oil supplementation of diets differing in fatty acid profiles. J. Dairy Sci. 86(3):944–953 (2003).
• AbuGhazaleh AA, Schingoethe DJ, Hippen AR, Kalscheur KF. Conjugated linoleic acid and vaccenic acid in rumen, plasma, and milk of cows fed fish oil and fats differing in saturation of 18 carbon fatty acids. J. Dairy Sci. 86(11):3648–3660 (2003).
• Akahoshi A, Koba K, Ohkura-Kaku S, Kaneda N, Goto C, Sano H, Iwata T, Yamauchi Y, Tsutsumi K, Sugano M. Metabolic effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers in rats. Nutr. Res. 23(12):1691–1701 (2003).
• Al-Madaney MM, Kramer JKG, Deng ZY, Vanderhoek JY. Effects of lipid-esterified conjugated linoleic acid isomers on platelet function: evidence for stimulation of platelet phospholipase activity. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Molec. Cell Biol. Lipids 1635(2-3):75–82 (2003).
• Alonso L, Cuesta EP, Gilliland SE. Production of free conjugated linoleic acid by Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus casei of human intestinal origin. J. Dairy Sci. 86(6):1941–1946 (2003).
• Albers R, van der Wielen RPJ, Brink EJ, Hendriks HFJ, Dorovska-Taran VN, Mohede ICM. Effects of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers on immune function in healthy men. European J. Clin. Nutr. 57(4):595–603 (2003).
• Aletor VA, Eder K, Becker K, Paulicks BR, Roth FX, Roth-Maier DA. The effects of conjugated linoleic acids or an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor on tissue lipid concentrations and fatty acid composition of broiler chicks fed a low-protein diet. Poultry Sci. 82(5):796–804 (2003).
• An BK, Kang CW, Izumi Y, Kobayasbi Y, Tanaka K. Effects of dietary fat sources on occurrences of conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids in rumen contents. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci. 16(2):222–226 (2003).
• An BK, Shinn KH, Kobayashi Y, Tanaka K, Kang CW. Excessive dietary conjugated linoleic acid affects hepatic lipid content and muscular fatty acid composition in young chicks. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci. 16(8):1171–1176 (2003).
• Ando A, Ogawa J, Kishino S, Shimizu S. CLA production from ricinoleic acid by lactic acid bacteria. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 80(9):889–894 (2003).
• Arab L. Biomarkers of fat and fatty acid intake. J. Nutr. 133(3):925S-932S Suppl. S (2003).
• Azain MJ. Conjugated linoleic acid and its effects on animal products and health in single-stomached animals. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 62(2):319–328 (2003).
• Badinga L, Selberg KT, Dinges AC, Comer CW, Miles RD. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid alters hepatic lipid content and fatty acid composition in broiler chickens. Poultry Sci. 82(1):111–116 (2003).
• Bassaganya-Riera J, Pogranichniy RM, Jobgen SC, Halbur PG, Yoon KJ, O'Shea M, Mohede I, Hontecillas R. Conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates viral infectivity in a pig model of virally induced immunosuppression. J. Nutr. 133(10):3204–3214 (2003).
• Bauman DE, Griinari JM. Nutritional regulation of milk fat synthesis. Ann. Rev. Nutr. 23:203–227 (2003).
• Bawa S. An update on the beneficial roles of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in modulating human health: Mechanisms of action. Polish J. Food Nutr. Sci. 12/53(3):3–13 (2003).
• Bector BS, Sharma V, Rai T. Effect of starter culture and temperature of clarification on the total conjugated linoleic acid of deshi ghee. J. Food Sci. Technol. Mysore 40(1):74–75 (2003).
• Bell JA, Kennelly JJ. Postruminal infusion of conjugated linoleic acids negatively impacts milk synthesis in Holstein cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86(4):1321–1324 (2003).
• Belobrajdic DP, McIntosh GH, Owens JA. Whey proteins protect more than red meat against azoxymethane induced ACF in Wistar rats. Cancer Lett. 198(1):43–51 (2003).
• Belury MA, Mahon A, Banni S. The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer, t10c12-CLA, is inversely associated with changes in body weight and serum leptin in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J. Nutr. 133(1):257S–260S (2003).
• Bergamo P, Fedele E, Iannibelli L, et al. Fat-soluble vitamin contents and fatty acid composition in organic and conventional Italian dairy products. Food Chem. 82(4):625–631 (2003).
• Bernal-Santos G, Perfield JW, Barbano DM, Bauman DE, Overton TR. Production responses of dairy cows to dietary supplementation with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) during the transition period and early lactation. J. Dairy Sci. 86(10):3218–3228 (2003).
• Bernas A, Kumar N, Maki-Arvela P, Kul'kova NV, Holmbom B, Salmi T, Murzin DY. Isomerization of linoleic acid over supported metal catalysts. Appl. Catalysis A–General 245(2):257–275 (2003).
• Bernas A, Maki-Arvela P, Kumar N, Holmbom B, Salmi T, Murzin DY. Heterogeneously catalytic isomerization of linoleic acid over supported ruthenium catalysts for production of anticarcinogenic food constituents. Industrial Engineering Chem. Res. 42(4):718–727 (2003).
• Block SS, Smith JM, Ehrhardt RA, Diaz MC, Rhoads RP, Van Amburgh ME, Boisclair YRl. Nutritional and developmental regulation of plasma leptin in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 86(10):3206–3214 (2003).
• Bretillon L, Sebedio JL, Chardigny JM. Might analysis, synthesis and metabolism of CLA contribute to explain the biological effects of CLA? Eur. J. Med. Res. 8(8):363–369 (2003).
• Brimberg UI, Kamal-Eldin A. On the kinetics of the autoxidation of fats: substrates with conjugated double bonds. European J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 105(1):17–22 (2003).
• Brown JM, Boysen MS, Jensen SS, Morrison RF, Storkson J, Lea-Currie R, Pariza M, Mandrup S, McIntosh MK. Isomer-specific regulation of metabolism and PPAR gamma signaling by CLA in human preadipocytes. J. Lipid Res. 44(7):1287–1300 (2003).
• Brown JM, McIntosh MK. Conjugated linoleic acid in humans: Regulation of adiposity and insulin sensitivity. J. Nutr. 133(10):3041–3046 (2003).
• Campbell W, Drake MA, Larick DK. The impact of fortification with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the quality of fluid milk. J. Dairy Sci. 86(1):43–51 (2003).
• Cepeljnik T, Zorec M, Kostanjsek R, Nekrep FV, Marinsek-Logar RM. Is Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans strain Mz5(T) suitable as a probiotic? An in vitro study. Folia Microbiologica 48(3):339–345 (2003).
• Chajes V, Lavillonniere F, Maillard V, Giraudeau B, Jourdan ML, Sebedio JL, Bougnoux P. Conjugated linoleic acid content in breast adipose tissue of breast cancer patients and the risk of metastasis. Nutr. Cancer 45(1):17–23 (2003).
• Chardigny JM, Hasselwander O, Genty M,  Kraemer K, Ptock A, Sededio JL. Effect of conjugated FA on feed intake, body composition, and liver FA in mice. Lipids 38(9):895–902 (2003).
• Chardigny JM, Masson E, Sergiel JP, Dairbois M, Loreau O, Noel JP, Sebedio JL. The position of rumenic acid on triacylglycerols alters its bioavailability in rats. J. Nutr. 133(12):4212–4214 (2003).
• Chartrand R, Matte JJ, Lessard M, Chouinard PY, Giguere A, Laforest JP. Effect of dietary fat sources on systemic and intrauterine synthesis of prostaglandins during early pregnancy in gilts. J. Anim. Sci. 81(3):726–734 (2003).
• Chen BQ, Yang YM, Gao YH, Liu JR, Xue YB, Wang XL, Zheng YM, Zhang JS, Liu RH. Inhibitory effects of c9, t11-conjugated linoleic acid on invasion of human gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901. World J. Gastroenterol. 9(9):1909–1914 (2003).
• Cheng JL, Futakuchi M, Ogawa K, Iwata T, Kasai M, Tokudome S, Hirose M, Shirai T. Dose response study of conjugated fatty acid derived from safflower oil on mammary and colon carcinogenesis pretreated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Cancer Lett. 196(2):161–168 (2003).
• Cheng Z, Elmes M, Abayasekara DRE, Wathes DC. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on prostaglandins produced by cells isolated from maternal intercotyledonary endometrium, fetal allantochorion and amnion in late pregnant ewes. Biochim Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids 1633(3):170–178 (2003).
• Chilliard Y, Ferlay A, Rouel J, Lamberett G. A review of nutritional and physiological factors affecting goat milk lipid synthesis and lipolysis. J. Dairy Sci. 86(5):1751–1770 (2003).
• Cho HJ, Kim WK, Kim EJ, Jung KC, Park S, Lee HS, Tyner AL, Park JHY. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits cell proliferation and ErbB3 signaling in HT-29 human colon cell line. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 284:G996–G1005 (2003).
• Christy AA, Egeberg PK, Ostensen ET. Simultaneous quantitative determination of isolated trans fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in oils and fats by chernometric analysis of the infrared profiles. Vibrational Spectroscopy 33(1–2):37–48 (2003).
• Chujo H, Yamasaki M, Nou S, Koyanagi N, Tachibana H, Yamada K. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on growth factor-induced proliferation of human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 202(1):81–87 (2003).
• Coakley M, Ross RP, Nordgren M, Fitzgerald G, Devery R, Stanton C. Conjugated linoleic acid biosynthesis by human-derived Bifidobacterium species. J. Appl. Microbiol. 94(1):138–145 (2003).
• Cohen LA, Zhao Z, Pittman B, Scimeca J. Effect of soy protein isolate and conjugated linoleic acid on the growth of dunning R-3327-AT-I rat prostate tumors. Prostate 54(3):169–180 (2003).
• Corino C, Magni S, Pastorelli G, Rossi R, Mourot J. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid on meat quality, lipid metabolism, and sensory characteristics of dry-cured hams from heavy pigs. J. Anim. Sci. 81(9):2219–2229 (2003).
• Corl BA, Barbano DM, Bauman DE, Ip C. cis-9, trans-11 CLA derived endogenously from trans-11 18 : 1 reduces cancer risk in rats. J. Nutr. 133(9):2893–2900 (2003).
• Cross RF, Zackari H. Ag+-HPLC of conjugated linoleic acids on a silica-based stationary phase. Part IV: A reference stationary phase and retention mechanisms. J. Separation Sci. 26(6–7):480–488 (2003).
• Czauderna M, Kowalczyk J, Wasowska I, Niedzwiedzka KM. Determination of conjugated linoleic acid isomers by liquid chromatography and photodiode array detection. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 12(2):369–382 (2003).
• Czauderna M, Kowalczyk J, Wasowska I, Niedzwiedzka KM, Pastuszewska B. The effects of selenium and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers on fatty acid composition, CLA isomer content in tissues, and growth of rats. J. Anim. Feed Sci. 12(4):865–881 (2003).
• Dashwood RH. Use of transgenic and mutant animal models in the study of heterocyclic amine-induced mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. J. Biochem. Molec. Biol. 36(1):35–42 (2003).
• Dauchy RT, Blask DE, Sauer LA, Davidson LK, Krause JA, Smith LC, Dauchy EM. Physiologic melatonin concentration, omega-3 fatty acids, and conjugated linoleic acid inhibit fatty acid transport in rodent hind limb skeletal muscle in vivo. Comparative Med. 53(2):186–190 (2003).
• Degrace P, Demizieux L, Gresti J, Chardigny JM, Sebedio JL, Clouet P. Association of liver steatosis with lipid oversecretion and hypotriglyceridaemia in C57BL/6j mice fed trans-10,cis-12-linoleic acid. FEBS Lett. 546(2–3):335–339 (2003).
• Destaillats F, Angers P. Directed sequential synthesis of conjugated linoleic acid isomers from Delta(7,9) to Delta(12,14). European J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 105(1):3–8 (2003).
• Dewhurst RJ, Scollan ND, Lee MRF, Ougham HJ, Humphreys MO. Forage breeding and management to increase the beneficial fatty acid content of ruminant products. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 62(2):329–336 (2003).
• D'Orazio N, Ficoneri C, Riccioni G, Conti P, Theoharides TC, Bollea MR. Conjugated linoleic acid: A functional food? (rev.) Int. J. Immunopathol. Pharmacol. 16(3):215–220 (2003).
• Du M, Ahn DU. Dietary CLA affects lipid metabolism in broiler chicks. Lipids 38(5):505–511 (2003).
• Du M, Nam KC, Hur SJ, Ismail H, Kim YH, Ahn DU. Quality characteristics of irradiated chicken breast rolls from broilers fed different levels of conjugated linoleic acid. Meat Sci. 63(2):249–255 (2003).
• Dugan MER, Aalhus JL, Rolland DC, Jeremiah LE. Effects of feeding different levels of conjugated linoleic acid and total oil to pigs on subsequent pork quality and palatability. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83(4):713–720 (2003).
• Duttaroy AK, Crozet D, Taylor J, Gordon MJ. Acyl-CoA thioesterase activity in human placental choriocarcinoma (BeWo), cells: effects of fatty acids. Prostag. Leukotr. Essential Fatty Acids 68(1):43–48 (2003).
• Eder K, Schleser S, Becker K, Korting R. Conjugated linoleic acids lower the release of eicosanoids and nitric oxide from human aortic endothelial cells. J. Nutr. 133(12):4083–4089 (2003).
• Ekern A, Havrevoll O, Haug A, Berg J, Lindstad P, Skeie S. Oat and barley based concentrate supplements for dairy cows. Acta Agric. Scand. A Anim. Sci. 53(2):65–73 (2003).
• Fievez V, Vlaeminck B, Dhanoa MS, Dewhurst RJ. Use of principal component analysis to investigate the origin of heptadecenoic and conjugated linoleic acids in milk. J. Dairy Sci. 86(12):4047–4053 (2003).
• Fogelholm M. Dairy products, meat and sports performance. Sports Med. 33(8):615–631 (2003).
• Garcia MR, Amstalden M, Morrison CD, Keisler DH, Williams GL. Age at puberty, total fat and conjugated linoleic acid content of carcass, and circulating metabolic hormones in beef heifers fed a diet high in linoleic acid beginning at four months of age. J. Anim. Sci. 81(1):261–268 (2003).
• Gonzalez S, Duncan SE, O'Keefe SF, Sumner SS, Herbein JH. Oxidation and textural characteristics of butter and ice cream with modified fatty acid profiles. J. Dairy Sci. 86(1):70–77 (2003).
• Granlund L, Juvet LK, Pedersen JI, Nebb HI. Trans10, cis12-conjugated linoleic acid prevents triacylglycerol accumulation in adipocytes by acting as a PPAR gamma modulator. J. Lipid Res. 44(8):1441–1452 (2003).
• Griswold KE, Apgar GA, Robinson RA, Jacobson BN, Johnson D, Woody HD. Effectiveness of short-term feeding strategies for altering conjugated linoleic acid content of beef. J. Anim. Sci. 81(7):1862–1871 (2003).
• Gruffat D, De La Torre A, Chardigny JM, Durand D, Loreau O, Sebedio JL, Bauchart D. In vitro comparison of hepatic metabolism of 9cis-11trans and 10trans-12cis isomers of CLA in the rat. Lipids 38(2):157–163 (2003).
• Gulati SK, McGrath S, Wynn PC, Scott TW. Preliminary results on the relative incorporation of docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acids into cows milk from two types of rumen protected fish oil. Int. Dairy J. 13(5):3390–343 (2003).
• Guo Z, Zhang GW, Sun . Preparation of conjugated linoleic acid and identification of its isomers. Chinese J. Chem. Eng. 11(2):130–135 (2003).
• Gursoy O, Seckin AK, Kinik O,  Metin M. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of most popular Turkish hard and soft cheeses. Milk Sci. Int. 58(11–12):622–623 (2003).
• Hargrave KM, Azain MJ, Kachman SD, Miner JL. Conjugated linoleic acid does not improve insulin tolerance in mice. Obesity Res. 11(9):1104–1115 (2003).
• Hsu JM, Ding ST. Effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids on the expression of transcription factor adipocyte determination and differentiation-dependent factor 1 and of lipogenic and fatty acid oxidation enzymes in porcine differentiating adipocytes. Brit. J. Nutr. 90(3):507–513 (2003).
• Henriksen EJ, Teachey MK, Taylor ZC, Jacob S, Ptock A, Kramer K, Hasselwander O. Isomer-specific actions of conjugated linoleic acid on muscle glucose transport in the obese Zucker rat. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 285(1):E98–E105 (2003).
• Hubbard NE, Lim D, Erickson KL. Effect of separate conjugated linoleic acid isomers on murine mammary tumorigenesis. Cancer Lett. 190(1):13–19 (2003).
• Hur SJ, Kang GH, Jeong JY, Yang HS, Ha YL, Park GB, Joo ST. Effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on lipid characteristics of egg yolk. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci. 16(8):1165–1170 (2003).
• Ip MM, Masso-Welch PA, Ip C. Prevention of mammary cancer with conjugated linoleic acid: Role of the stroma and the epithelium. J. Mammary Gland Biol. 8(1):103–118 (2003).
• Jang IS, Hwang DY, Lee JE, Kim YK, Kang TS, Hwang JH, Lim CH, Chae KR, Jeong JH, Cho JS. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid and stearic acid on apoptosis of the INS-1 beta-cells and pancreatic islets isolated from Zucker obese (fa/fa) rats. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci. 16(7):1060–1065 (2003).
• Jenkins JK, Courtney PD Lactobacillus growth and membrane composition in the presence of linoleic or conjugated linoleic acid. Can. J. Microbiol. 49(1):51–57 (2003).
• Jewell C, Cashman KD. The effect of conjugated linoleic acid and medium-chain fatty acids on transepithelial calcium transport in human intestinal-like Caco-2 cells. Brit. J. Nutr. 89(5):639–647 (2003).
• Jie MSFLK, Lam CNW, Ho JCM, Lau MML. Epoxidation of a conjugated linoleic acid isomer. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 105(8):391–396 (2003).
• Joo NE, Park CS. Inhibition of excitotoxicity in cultured rat cortical neurons by a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid isomers. Pharmacol. Res. 47(4):305–310 (2003).
• Ju JW, Jung MY. Formation of conjugated linoleic acids in soybean oil during hydrogenation with a nickel catalyst as affected by sulfur addition. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(10):3144–3149 (2003).
• Ju JW, So WS, Kim JH, Bae BJ, Choi EN, Kwon YH, Chung IM, Yoon SH, Jung MY. Effects of alcohol type and amounts on conjugated linoleic acid formation during catalytic transfer hydrogenation of soybean oil. J. Food Sci. 68(6):1915–1922 (2003).
• Juaneda P, de la Perriere SB, Sebedio JL, Gregoire S. Influence of heat and refining on formation of CLA isomers in sunflower oil. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 80(9):937–940 (2003).
• Kamphuis MMJW, Lejeune MPGM, Saris WHM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. The effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on body weight regain, body composition, and resting metabolic rate in overweight subjects. Int. J. Obesity 27(7):840–847 (2003).
• Kamphuis MMJW, Lejeune MPGM, Saris WHM, Westerterp-Plantenga MS. Effect of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation after weight loss on appetite and food intake in overweight subjects. European J. Clin. Nutr. 57(10):1268–1274 (2003).
• Kang KH, Liu W, Albright KJ, Park Y, Pariza MW. trans-10,cis-12 CLA inhibits differentiation of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and decreases PPAR gamma expression. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 303(3):795–799 (2003).
• Kelley DS, Erickson KL Modulation of body composition and immune cell functions by conjugated linoleic acid in humans and animal models: Benefits vs. risk. Lipids 38(4):377–386 (2003).
• Kelly O, Cusack S, Jewell C, Cashman KD. The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids, including conjugated linoleic acid, on calcium absorption and bone metabolism and composition in young growing rats. Brit. J. Nutr. 90(4):743–750 (2003).
• Kelsey JA, Corl BA, Collier RJ,  Bauman DE. The effect of breed, parity, and stage of lactation on conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk fat from dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86(8):2588–2597 (2003).
• Kemp MQ, Jeffy BD, Romagnolo DF. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits cell proliferation through a p53-dependent mechanism: Effects on the expression of G1-restriction points in breast and colon cancer cells. J. Nutr. 133(11):3670–3677 (2003).
• Khan SA, Heuvel JPV, Reviews: Current Topics - Role of nuclear receptors in the regulation of gene expression by dietary fatty acids (Review). J. Nutr. Biochem. 14(10):554–567 (2003). 
• Kilian M, Mautsch I, Gregor JI, Heinichen D, Jacobi CA, Schimke I, Guski H, Muller JM, Wenger FA. Influence of conjugated and conventional linoleic acid on tumor growth and lipid peroxidation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma in hamster. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes Essential Fatty Acids 69(1):67–72 (2003).
• Kim EJ, Kang IJ, Cho HJ, Kim WK, Ha YL, Park JHY. Conjugated linoleic acid downregulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor levels in HT-29 human colon cancer cells. J. Nutr. 133(8):2675–2681 (2003).
• Kim KH, Park HS. Dietary supplementation of conjugated linoleic acid reduces colon tumor incidence in DMH-treated rats by increasing apoptosis with modulation of biomarkers. Nutrition 19(9):772–777 (2003).
• Kim SJ, Park SJ, Kim JK, Kim JH, Shim KH, Park CG, Kim JO, Ha YL. Preparation of a t,t conjugated linoleic acid methylester (CLA-Me) isomers mixture from synthetic CLA by methylation with BF3/methanol. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(11):3208–3214 (2003).
• Kim YJ. Partial inhibition of biohydrogenation of linoleic acid can increase the conjugated linoleic acid production of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens A38. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(15):4258–4262 (2003).
• Kim YJ, Lee KW, Lee S, Kim H, Lee HJ. The production of high-purity conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) using two-step urea-inclusion crystallization and hydrophilic arginine-CLA complex. J. Food Sci. 68(6):1948–1951 (2003).
• Kim YJ, Lee KW, Oh S, Lee HJ. Effects of linoleic acid on conjugated linoleic acid production by planktonic rumen bacteria from grain-fed cows. J. Food Sci. 68(5):1696–1700 (2003).
• Kishino S, Ogawa J, Ando A, Iwashita T, Fujita T, Kawashima H, Shimizu S. Structural analysis of conjugated linoleic acid produced by Lactobacillus plantarum, and factors affecting isomer production. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 67(1):179–182 (2003).
• Kishino S, Ogawa J, Ando A, Shimizu S. Conjugated alpha-linolenic acid production from alpha-linolenic acid by Lactobacillus plantarum AKU 1009a. European J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 105(10):572–577 (2003).
• Knight TW, Knowles S, Death AF. Factors affecting the variation in fatty acid concentrations in lean beef from grass-fed cattle in New Zealand and the implications for human health. New Zealand J. Agric. Res. 46(2):83–95 (2003).
• Kott RW, Hatfield PG, Bergman JW, Flynn CR, Van Wagoner H, Boles JA. Feedlot performance, carcass composition, and muscle and fat,CLA concentrations of lambs fed diets supplemented with safflower seeds. Small Ruminant Res. 49(1):11–17 (2003).
• Kraft J, Collomb M, Mockel P, Sieber R, Jahreis G. Differences in CLA isomer distribution of cow's milk lipids. Lipids 38(6):657–664 (2003).
• Larsen TM, Toubro S, Astrup A. Efficacy and safety of dietary supplements containing CLA for the treatment of obesity: evidence from animal and human studies (Review). J. Lipid Res. 44(12):2234–2241 (2003).
• Lavillonniere F, Chajes V, Martin JC, Sebedio JL, Lhuillery C, Bougnoux P. Dietary purified cis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid isomer has anticarcinogenic properties in chemically induced mammary tumors in rats. Nutr. Cancer 45(2):190–194 (2003).
• Ledoux M, Chardigny JM, Darbois M, Soustre Y, Sebedio JL, Laloux L. Seasonal and regional variations of the levels of conjugated linoleic acid in French butters. Sci. Aliments 23(3):443–461 (2003).
• Lee J, Lee SM, Kim IH, Jeong JH, Rhee C, Lee KW. Oxidative instability of CLA concentrate and its avoidance with antioxidants. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 80(8):807–810 (2003).
• Lee JH, Kim MR, Kim HR, Kim IH, Lee KT. Characterization of lipase-catalyzed structured lipids from selected vegetable oils with conjugated linoleic acid: Their oxidative stability with rosemary extracts. J. Food Sci. 68(5):1653–1658 (2003).
• Lee MRF, Harris LJ, Dewhurst RJ, Merry RJ, Scollan ND. The effect of clover silages on long chain fatty acid rumen transformations and digestion in beef steers. Anim. Sci. 76:491–501 Part 3 (2003).
• Lee SO, Hong GW, Oh DK. Bioconversion of linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid by immobilized Lactobacillus reuteri. Biotechnol. Progress 19(3):1081–1084 (2003).
• Lee SO, Kim CS, Cho SK, Choi HJ, Ji GE, Oh DK. Bioconversion of linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid during fermentation and by washed cells of Lactobacillus reuteri. Biotechnol. Lett. 25(12):935–938 (2003).
• Lin TY. Influence of lactic cultures, linoleic acid and fructo-oligosaccharides on conjugated linoleic acid concentration in non-fat set yogurt. Australian J. Dairy Technol. 58(1):11–14 (2003).
• Lin TY, Lin CW, Wang YJ. Production of conjugated linoleic acid by enzyme extract of Lactobacillus acidophilus CCRC 14079. Food Chem. 83(1):27–31 (2003).
• Lock AL, Garnsworthy PC. Seasonal variation in milk conjugated linoleic acid and Delta(9)-desaturase activity in dairy cows. Livestock Production Sci. 79(1):47–59 (2003).
• von Loeffelholz C, Kratzsch J, Jahreis G. Influence of conjugated linoleic acids on body composition and selected serum and endocrine parameters in resistance-trained athletes. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 105(6):251–259 (2003).
• Loor JJ, Herbein JH. Dietary canola or soybean oil with two levels of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) alter profiles of 18 : 1 and 18 : 2 isomers in blood plasma and milk fat from dairy cows. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 103(1-4):63–83 (2003).
• Loor JJ, Herbein JH. Reduced fatty acid synthesis and desaturation due to exogenous trans10,cis12-CLA in cows fed oleic or linoleic oil. J. Dairy Sci. 86:1354-1369 (2003).
• Loor JJ, Hoover WH, Miller-Webster TK, Herbein JH, Polan CE. Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in continuous culture fermenters during digestion of orchardgrass or red clover with three levels of ground corn supplementation. J. Anim. Sci. 81:1611–1627 (2003).
• Loor JJ, Lin XB, Herbein JH. Effects of dietary cis9,trans11-18:2, trans10,cis 12-18:2 or vaccenic acid (trans 11-18:1) during lactation on body composition, tissue fatty acid profiles, and litter growth in mice. Brit. J. Nutr. 90(6):1039–1048 (2003).
• Loor JJ, Soriano FD, Lin X, Herbein JH, Polan CE. Grazing allowance after the morning or afternoon milking for lactating cows fed a total mixed ration (TMR) enhances trans11-18 : 1 and cis9,trans11-18 : 2 (rumenic acid) in milk fat to different extents. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 109(1–4):105–119 (2003).
• Loreau O, Chardigny JM, Sebedio JL, Noel JP. Stereoselective synthesis of (6Z,IOE,12Z)-octadeca-6,10,12-trienoic acid, (8Z,12E,14Z)-eicosa-8,12,14-trienoic acid, and their [1-C-14]-radiolabeled analogs. Chem. Phys. Lipids 124(2):135–145 (2003).
• Luongo D, Bergamo P, Rossi M. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on growth and cytokine expression in Jurkat T cells. Immunol. Lett. 90(2–3):195–201 (2003).
• Mackle TR, Kay JK, Auldist MJ, McGibbon AKH, Philpott BA, Baumgard LH, Bauman DE. Effects of abomasal infusion of conjugated linoleic acid on milk fat concentration and yield from pasture-fed dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86(2):644–652 (2003).
• Mandebvu P, Ballard CS, Sniffen CJ,  Carter M, Wolford HM, Sato T, Yabuuchi Y, Block E, Palmquist DL. Effect of feeding calcium salts of long-chain fatty acids, from palm fatty acid distillate or soybean oil, to high producing dairy cows on milk yield and composition, and on selected blood and reproductive parameters. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 108(1-4):25–41 (2003).
• Martinez CE, Vinay JC, Brieva R, Hill CG, Garcia HS. Lipase-catalyzed acidolysis of corn oil with conjugated linoleic acid in hexane. J. Food Lipids 10(1):11–24 (2003).
• Maynard LJ, Franklin ST. Functional foods as a value-added strategy: The commercial potential of "cancer-fighting" dairy products. Rev. Agric. Economics 25(2):316–331 (2003)
• McIntosh GH. Dairy foods and colon cancer prevention. Australian J. Dairy Technol. 58(2):140–143 (2003).
• McNeel RL, Mersmann HJ. Effects of isomers of conjugated linoleic acid on porcine adipocyte growth and differentiation. J. Nutr. Biochem. 14(5):266–274 (2003).
• M[N]cNeel RL, Smith EO, Mersmann HJ. Isomers of conjugated linoleic acid modulate human preadipocyte differentiation. In Vitro Cellular Develop. Biol. - Animal 39(8–9): 375–382 (2003).
• Metges CC, Lehmann L, Boeuf S, Petzke KJ, Muller A, Rickert R, Franke W, Steinhart H, Nurnberg G, Klaus S. cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 CLA affect lipid metabolism differently in primary white and brown adipocytes of Djungarian hamster. Lipids 38(11):1133–1142 (2003).
• Michaud AL, Yurawecz MP, Delmonte P, Corl BA, Bauman DE, Brenna JT. Identification and characterization of conjugated fatty acid methyl esters of mixed double bond geometry by acetonitrile chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 75(18):4925–4930 (2003).
• Migdal W, Pieszka M, Barowicz T, Pietras M. Chemical composition of colostrum and sow's milk following the application of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). Medycyna Weterynaryjna 59(4):327–330 (2003).
• Miller A, McGrath E, Stanton C, Devery R. Vaccenic acid (t11-18 : 1) is converted to c9, t11-CLA in MCF-7 and SW480 cancer cells. Lipids 38(6):623–632 (2003).
• Miller A, Stanton C, Murphy J, Devery R. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA)-enriched milk fat inhibits growth and modulates CLA-responsive biomarkers in MCF-7 and SW480 human cancer cell lines. Brit. J.Nutr. 90(5):877–885 (2003).
• Minemoto Y, Adachi S, Shimada Y, Nagao T, Iwata T, Yamauchi-Sato Y, Yamamoto T, Kometani T, Matsuno R. Oxidation kinetics for cis-9,trans-11 and trans-10,cis-12 isomers of CLA . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 80(7):675–678(2003).
• Mir PS, Ivan M, He ML, Pink B, Okine E, Goonewardene L, McAllister TA, Weselake R, Mir Z. Dietary manipulation to increase conjugated linoleic acids and other desirable fatty acids in beef: A review. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83(4):673–685 (2003).
• Mir PS, McAllister TA, Zaman S, Jones SDM, He ML, Aalhus JL, Jeremiah LE, Goonewardene LA, Weselake RJ, Mir Z. Effect of dietary sunflower oil and vitamin E on beef cattle performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83(1):53–66 (2003)
• Mir PS, Okine EK, Goonewardene L, He ML, Mir Z. Effects of synthetic conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or bio-formed CLA as high CLA beef on rat growth and adipose tissue development. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83(3):583–592 (2003).
• Moon EJ, Lee YM, Kim KW. Anti-angiogenic activity of conjugated linoleic acid on basic fibroblast growth factor-induced angiogenesis. Oncology Rep. 10(3):617–621 (2003).
• Murrieta CM, Hess BW, Rule DC. Comparison of acidic and alkaline catalysts for preparation of fatty acid methyl esters from ovine muscle with emphasis on conjugated linoleic acid. Meat Sci. 65(1):523–529 (2003).
• Mutsvangwa T, Kramer JKG, Blackadar CB, Duffield TF, Bagg R, Dick P, Vessie G, McBride BW. Short communication: Effects of a monensin premix on milk fatty acid content during subacute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 86(12):4043–4046 (2003).
• Nagao K, Inoue N, Wang YM. Hirata J, Shimada Y, Nagao T, Matsui T, Yanagita T. The 10trans,12cis isomer of conjugated linoleic acid suppress the development of hypertension in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 306:134–138 (2003).
• Nagao K, Inoue N, Wang YM, Yanagita T. Conjugated linoleic acid enhances plasma adiponectin level and alleviates hyperinsulinemia and hypertension in Zucker diabetic fatty (fa/fa) rats. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 310(2):562–566 (2003).
• Nagao K, Wang YM, Inoue N, Han SY, Buang Y, Noda T, Kouda N, Okamatsu H, Yanagita T. The 10trans, 12cis isomer of conjugated linoleic acid promotes energy metabolism in OLETF rats. Nutrition 19(7–8):652–656 (2003).
• Nagao T, Yamauchi-Sato Y, Sugihara A, Iwata T, Nagao K, Yanagita T, Adachi S, Shimada Y. Purification of conjugated linoleic acid isomers through a process including lipase-catalyzed selective esterification. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 67(6):1429– + (2003).
• Nakanishi T, Koutoku T, Kawahara S, Murai A, Furuse M. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces cerebral prostaglandin E-2 in mice. Neurosci. Lett. 341(2):135–138 (2003).
• Navarro V, Zabala A, Macarulla MT,  Fernandez-Quintela A, Rodriguez VM, Simon E, Portillo MP. Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on body fat accumulation and serum lipids in hamsters fed an atherogenic diet. J. Physiol. Biochem. 59(3):193–199 (2003).
  
• Ogborn MR, Nitschmann E, Bankovic-Calic N, Weiler HA, Fitzpatrick-Wong S, Aukema HM. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces PGE(2) release and interstitial injury in rat polycystic kidney disease. Kidney Int. 64(4):1214–1221 (2003).
• Oh DK, Hong GH, Lee Y, Min SG, Sin HS, Cho SK. Production of conjugated linoleic acid by isolated Bifidobacterium strains. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 19(9):907–912 (2003).
• Oh YS, Lee HS, Cho HJ, Lee SG, Jung KC, Park JHY. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits DNA synthesis and induces apoptosis in TSU-Pr1 human bladder cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 23(6C):4765–4772 (2003).
• O'Hagan S, Menzel A. A subchronic 90-day oral rat toxicity study and in vitro genotoxicity studies with a conjugated linoleic acid product. Food Chem. Toxicol. 41(12):1749–1760 (2003).
• Oikawa D, Nakanishi T, Nakamura Y, Takahashi Y, Yamamoto T, Shiba N, Tobisa M, Takagi T, Iwamoto H, Tachibana T, Furuse M. Dietary CLA and DHA modify skin properties in mice. Lipids 38(6):609–614 (2003).
• Oku H, Wongtangtintharn S, Iwasaki H, Toda T. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) inhibits fatty acid synthetase activity in vitro. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 67(7):1584–1586 (2003).
• Onetti SG, Shaver RD, Bertics SJ, Grummer RR. Influence of corn silage particle length on the performance of lactating dairy cows fed supplemental tallow. J. Dairy Sci. 86(9):2949–2957 (2003).
• Oprzadek J, Oprzadek A. Modifications of fatty acids composition in ruminants. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 59(6):492–495 (2003).
• Ostrowska E, Cross RF, Muralitharan M, Bauman DE, Dunshea FR. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid differentially alters fatty acid composition and increases conjugated linoleic acid content in porcine adipose tissue. Brit. J. Nutr. 90(5):915–928 (2003).
• Ostrowska E, Suster D, Muralitharan M, Cross RF, Leury BJ, Bauman DE, Dunshea FR. Conjugated linoleic acid decreases fat accretion in pigs: evaluation by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Brit. J. Nutr. 89(2):219–229 (2003).
• Palacios A, Piergiacomi V, Catala A. Antioxidant effect of conjugated linoleic acid and vitamin A during non enzymatic lipid peroxidation of rat liver microsomes and mitochondria. Molec. Cell. Biochem. 250(1–2):107–113 (2003).
• Park SJ, Park CW, Kim SJ, Kim JK, Kim YR, Kim YS, Ha YL. Divergent cytotoxic effects of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on NCI-N87 cells. ACS Symposium Series 851:113–118 (2003).
• Parodi PW. Anti-cancer agents in milkfat. Australian J. Dairy Technol. 58(2):114–118 (2003).
• Peterson DG, Matitashvili EA, Bauman DE. Diet-induced milk fat depression in dairy cows results in increased trans-10, cis-12 CLA in milk fat and coordinate suppression of mRNA abundance for mammary enzymes involved in milk fat synthesis. J. Nutr. 133(10):3098–3102 (2003).
• Petridou A, Mougios V, Sagredos A. Supplementation with CLA: Isomer incorporation into serum lipids and effect on body fat of women. Lipids 38(8):805–811 (2003).
• Piazza GJ, Nunez A, Foglia TA. Isolation of unsaturated diols after oxidation of conjugated linoleic acid with peroxygenase. Lipids 38(3):255–261 (2003).
• Politis I, Dimopoulou M, Voudouri A, Noikokyris P, Feggeros K. Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid isomers on several functional properties of macrophages and heterophils in laying hens. British Poultry Sci. 44(2):203–210 (2003).
• Raes K, De Smet S, Balcaen A, Claeys E, Demeyer D. Effect of diets rich in N-3 polyunsatured fatty acids on muscle lipids and fatty acids in Belgian Blue double-muscled young bulls. Reproduction Nutr. Development 43(4):331–345 (2003).
• Rajakangas J, Basu S, Salminen I, Mutanen M. Adenoma growth stimulation by the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is associated with changes in mucosal NF-kappa B and cyclin D1 protein levels in the Min mouse. J. Nutr. 133(6):1943–1948 (2003).
• Riserus U, Smedman A, Basu S, Vessby B. CLA and body weight regulation in humans. Lipids 38(2):133–137 (2003).
• Rissanen H, Knekt P, Jarvinen R, Salminen I, Hakulinen T. Serum fatty acids and breast cancer incidence. Nutr. Cancer 45(2):168–175 (2003).
• Sackmann JR, Duckett SK, Gillis MH, Realini CE, Parks AH, Eggelston RB. Effects of forage and sunflower oil levels on ruminal biohydrogenation of fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid formation in beef steers fed finishing diets. J. Anim. Sci. 81(12):3174–3181 (2003).
• Schroeder GF, Delahoy JE, Vidaurreta I, Bargo F, Gagliostro GA, Muller LD. Milk fatty acid composition of cows fed a total mixed ration or pasture plus concentrates replacing corn with fat. J. Dairy Sci. 86(10):3237–3248 (2003).
• Scollan ND, Enser M, Gulati SK, Richardson I, Wood JD. Effects of including a ruminally protected lipid supplement in the diet on the fatty acid composition of beef muscle. Brit. J. Nutr. 90(3):709–716 (2003).
• Secchiari P, Antongiovanni M, Mele M, Serra A, Buccioni A, Ferruzzi G, Paoletti F, Petacchi F. Effect of kind of dietary fat on the quality of milk fat from Italian Friesian cows. Livestock Prod. Sci. 83(1):43–52 (2003).
• Sehanputri PS, Hill CG. Lipase-mediated acidolysis of butteroil with free conjugated linoleic acid in a packed bed reactor. Biotechnol. Bioengineering 83 (5): 608–617 (2003).
• Shahin AM, McGuire MK, McGuire MA, Ritzenthaler KL, Shultz TD. Determination of c9,t11-CLA in major human plasma lipid classes using a combination of methylating methodologies. Lipids 38(7):793–800 (2003).
• Sher J, Pronczuk A, Hajri T, Hayes KC. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid lowers plasma cholesterol during cholesterol supplementation, but accentuates the atherogenic lipid profile during the acute phase response in hamsters. J. Nutr. 133(2):456–460 (2003).
• Shingfield KJ, Ahvenjarvi S, Toivonen V, Arola A, Nurmela KVV, Huhtanen P, Griinari JM. Effect of dietary fish oil on biohydrogenation of fatty acids and milk fatty acid content in cows. Anim. Sci. 77:165-179 Part 1 (2003).
• Sirri F, Tallarico N, Meluzzi A, Franchini A. Fatty acid composition and productive traits of broiler fed diets containing conjugated linoleic acid. Poultry Sci. 82(8):1356–1361 (2003).
• Sneddon AA, Wu HC, Farquharson A, Grant I, Arthur JR, Rotondo D, Choe SN, Wahle KWJ. Regulation of selenoprotein GPx4 expression and activity in human endothelial cells by fatty acids, cytokines and antioxidants. Atherosclerosis 171(1):57––65 (2003).
• Soita HW, Meier JA, Fehr M, Yu P, Christensen DA, McKinon JJ, Mustafa AF. Effects of flaxseed supplementation on milk production, milk fatty acid composition and nutrient utilization by lactating dairy cows. Archiv Anim. Nutr. 57(2):107–116 (2003).
• Song MK, Kennelly JJ. Biosynthesis of conjugated linoleic acid and its incorporation into ruminant's products. Asian-Austral. J. Anim. Sci. 16(2):306–314 (2003).
• Steen RWJ, Porter MG. The effects of high-concentrate diets and pasture on the concentration of conjugated linoleic acid in beef muscle and subcutaneous fat. Grass Forage Sci. 58(1):50–57 (2003).
• Steinhart H, Rickert R, Winkler K. Identification and analysis of conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA). Eur. J. Med. Res. 8(8):370–372 (2003).
• Stockdale CR, Walker GP, Wales WJ, Dalley DE, Birkett A, Shen ZP, Doyle PT. Influence of pasture and concentrates in the diet of grazing dairy cows on the fatty acid composition of milk. J. Dairy Res. 70(3):267–276 (2003).
• Su ND, Liu XW, Kim MR, Jeong TS, Sok DE. Protective action of CLA against oxidative inactivation of paraoxonase 1, an antioxidant enzyme. Lipids 38(6):615–622 (2003).
• Szukalska E. Hydrogenation of rapeseed and soybean oils over new-generation copper catalysts. Part 2. The chemistry of reactions. Przemysl Chem. 82(7):470–474 (2003).
• Szymczyk B, Pisulewski PM. Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on fatty acid composition and cholesterol content of hen egg yolks. Brit. J. Nutr. 90(1):93–99 (2003).
• Takahashi K, Akiba Y, Iwata T, Kasai M. Effect of a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid isomers on growth performance and antibody production in broiler chicks. Brit. J. Nutr. 89(5):691–694 (2003).
• Takahashi Y, Kushiro M, Shinohara K, Ide T. Activity and mRNA levels of enzymes involved in hepatic fatty acid synthesis and oxidation in mice fed conjugated linoleic acid.  Biochim. Biophys. Acta Molec. Cell Res. 1631(3):265–273 (2003).
• Teachey MK, Taylor ZC, Maier T, Saengsirisuwan V, Sloniger JA, Jacob S, Klatt MJ, Ptock A, Kraemer K, Hasselwander O, Henriksen EJ. Interactions of conjugated linoleic acid and lipoic acid on insulin action in the obese Zucker rat. Metabolism 52(9):1167–1174 (2003).
• Terpstra AHM, Javadi M, Beynen AC, Kocsis S, Lankhorst AE, Lemmens AG, Mohede ICM. Dietary conjugated linoleic acids as free fatty acids and triacylglycerols similarly affect body composition and energy balance in mice. J. Nutr. 133(10):3181–3186 (2003).
• Toomey S, Roche H, Fitzgerald D, Belton O. Regression of pre-established atherosclerosis in the apoE(-/-) mouse by conjugated linoleic acid. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 31:1075–1079 Part 5 (2003).
• Torres CF, Lessard LP, Hill CG. Lipase-catalyzed esterification of conjugated linoleic acid with sorbitol: A kinetic study. Biotechnol. Progress 19(4):1255–1260 (2003).
• Torres CF, Lin B, Lessard LP, Hill CG. Lipase-catalyzed interesterification reaction between menhaden oil and the ethyl ester of CLA: Uniresponse kinetics. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 80(9):873–880 (2003).
• Torres CF, Lin B, Moeljadi M, Hill CG. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of designer acylglycerols rich in residues of eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, conjugated linoleic, and/or stearic acids. European J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 105(10):614–623 (2003).
• Torres CF, Nettekoven TJ, Hill CG. Preparation of purified acylglycerols of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and their re-esterification with conjugated linoleic acid. Enzyme Microbial Technol. 32(1):49–58 (2003).
• Torres-Duarte AP, Vanderhoek JY. Conjugated linoleic acid exhibits stimulatory and inhibitory effects on prostanoid production in human endothelial cells and platelets. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Molec. Cell Res. 1640(1):69–76 (2003).
• Troegeler-Meynadier A, Nicot MC, Bayourthe C, Moncoulon R, Enjalbert F. Effects of pH and concentrations of linoleic and linolenic acids on extent and intermediates of ruminal biohydrogenation in vitro. J. Dairy Sci. 86(12):4054–4063 (2003).
• Turini ME, Boza JJ, Gueissaz N, Moennoz D, Montigon F, Vuichoud J, Gremaud G, Pouteau E, Piguet C, Perrin I, Verguet C, Finot PA, German B. Short-term dietary conjugated linoleic acid supplementation does not enhance the recovery of immunodepleted dexamethasone-treated rats. Eur. J. Nutr. 42(3):171–179 (2003).
• Tsuboyama-Kasaoka N, Miyazaki H, Kasaoka S, Ezaki O. Increasing the amount of fat in a conjugated linoleic acid-supplemented diet reduces lipodystrophy in mice. J. Nutr. 133(6):1793–1799 (2003).
• Tsuzuki T, Igarashi M, Komai M, Miyazawa T. The metabolic conversion of 9,11,13-eleostearic acid (18 : 3) to 9,11-conjugated linoleic acid (18 : 2) in the rat. J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 49(3):195–200 (2003).
• Twibell RG, Wilson RP. Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids and total dietary lipid concentrations on growth responses of juvenile channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus. Aquaculture 221(1–4):621–628 (2003).
• van de Vossenberg JLCM, Joblin KN. Biohydrogenation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids to stearic acid by a strain of Butyrivibrio hungatei from the bovine rumen. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 37(5):424–428 (2003).
• Viswanadha S, Giesy JG, Hanson TW, McGuire MA. Dose response of milk fat to intravenous administration of the trans-10, cis-12 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid. J. Dairy Sci. 86(10):3229–3236 (2003).
• Wang JH, Song MK PH affects the in vitro formation of cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-11 octadecenoic acid by ruminal bacteria when incubated with oilseeds. Asian Australiasian J. Anim. Sci. 16(12):1743–1748 (2003).
• Wang YM, Rahman SM, Nagao K, Han SY, Yanagita T. Conjugated linoleic acid reduces hepatic microsomal triglyceride transfer protein activity and hepatic triacylglycerol mass in obese rats, J. Oleo Sci. 52:121–128 (2003).
• Wang YM, Rahman SM, Nagao K, Han SY, Yanagita T. The comparative effects of triglyceride-type and free fatty acid-type conjugated linoleic acids on hepatic lipid content and metabolism in OLETF obese rats. J. Oleo Sci. 52:129–134 (2003).
• Ward AT, Wittenberg KM, Froebe HM, Przybylski R, Malcolmson L. Fresh forage and solin supplementation on conjugated linoleic acid levels in plasma and milk. J. Dairy Sci. 86(5):1742–1750 (2003).
• Warren JM, Simon VA, Bartolini G, Erickson KL, Mackey BE, Kelley DS. Trans-10,cis-12 CLA increases liver and decreases adipose tissue lipids in mice: Possible roles of specific lipid metabolism genes. Lipids 38(5):497–504 (2003).
• Watanabe Y, Yamauchi-Sato Y, Nagao T, Yamamoto T, Tsutsumi K, Sugihara A, Shimada Y. Production of MAG of CLA in a solvent-free system at low temperature with Candida rugosa lipase. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 80(9):909–914 (2003).
• Watkins BA, Feng SL, Strom AK, DeVitt AA, Yu LG, Li Y. Conjugated linoleic acids alter the fatty acid composition and physical properties of egg yolk and albumen. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(23):6870–6876 (2003).
• Whitlock LA, Schingoethe DJ, Hippen AR, Kalscheur KF, AbuGhazaleh AA. Milk production and composition from cows fed high oil or conventional corn at two forage concentrations. J. Dairy Sci. 86(7):2428–2437 (2003).
• Wijesundera C, Shen ZP, Wales WJ, Dalley DE. Effect of cereal grain and fibre supplements on the fatty acid composition of milk fat of grazing dairy cows in early lactation. J. Dairy Res. 70(3):257–265 (2003).
• Wolff RL Trans-18:1 isomers in rat milk fat as effective biomarkers for the determination of individual isomeric trans-18:1 acids in the dams' diet. Lipids 38(11):1143–1148 (2003).
• Xu XF, Storkson J, Kim SH, Sugimoto K, Park Y, Pariza MW. Short-term intake of conjugated linoleic acid inhibits lipoprotein lipase and glucose metabolism but does not enhance lipolysis in mouse adipose tissue. J. Nutr. 133(3):663–667 (2003).
• Yamasaki M, Chujo H, Hirao A, Koyanagi N, Okamoto T, Tojo N, Oishi A, Iwata T, Yamauchi-Sato Y, Yamamoto T, Tsutsumi K, Tachibana H, Yamada K. Immunoglobulin and cytokine production from spleen lymphocytes is modulated in C57BL/6J mice by dietary cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid. J. Nutr. 133(3):784–788 (2003).
• Yamasaki M, Chujo H, Nou S, Tachibana H, Yamada K. Alleviation of the cytotoxic activity induced by trans10, cis12-conjugated linoleic acid in rat hepatoma dRLh-84 cells by oleic or palmitoleic acid. Cancer Lett. 196(2):187–196 (2003).
• Yamasaki M, Ikeda A, Oji M, Tanaka Y, Hirao A, Kasai M, Iwata T, Tachibana H, Yamada K. Modulation of body fat and serum leptin levels by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in Sprague Dawley rats fed various fat-level diets. Nutrition 19(1):30–35 (2003).
• Yang HY, Holcroft J, Glickman BW, de Boer JG. Conjugated linoleic acid inhibits mutagenesis by 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine in the prostate of Big Blue (R) rats. Mutagenesis 18(2):195–200 (2003).
• Yang L, Huang Y, Wang HQ, Chen ZY. Isomeric distribution of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in the tissues of layer hens fed a CLA diet. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51(19):5654–5660 (2003).
• Yang MD, Cook ME. Dietary CLA decreased weight loss and extended survival following the onset of kidney failure in NZB/WF1 mice. Lipids 38(1):21–24 (2003).
• Yang MD, Cook ME. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid decreased cachexia, macrophage tumor necrosis factor-alpha production, and modifies splenocyte cytokines production. Experimental Biol. Med. 228(1):51–58 (2003).
• Yu LL, Adams D, Watkins BA. Comparison of commercial supplements containing conjugated linoleic acids. J. Food Composition Anal. 16(4):419–428 (2003).
• Zeppa G, Giordano M, Gerbi V, Arlorio M. Fatty acid composition of Piedmont "Ossolano" cheese. Lait 83(2):167–173 (2003).

2002

• Abu-Ghazaleh AA, Schingoethe DJ, Hippen AR, Whitlock LA. Feeding fish meal and extruded soybeans enhances the conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of milk. J. Dairy Sci. 85:624–631 (2002).
• AbuGhazaleh AA, Schingoethe DJ, Hippen AR, Kalscheur KF, Whitlock LA. Fatty acid profiles of milk and rumen digesta from cows fed fish oil, extruded soybeans or their blend. J. Dairy Sci. 85(9):2266–2276 (2002).
• Adlof RO, Menzel A, Dorovska-Taran V. Analysis of conjugated linoleic acid-enriched triacylglycerol mixtures by isocratic silver-ion high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 953(1–2):293–297 (2002).
• Agenas S, Holtenius K, Griinari M, Burstedt E. Effects of turnout to pasture and dietary fat supplementation on milk fat composition and conjugated linoleic acid in dairy cows. Acta Agr. Scand. Sec. A Anim. Sci. 52(1):25–33 (2002).
• Akahoshi A, Goto Y, Murao K, Miyazaki T, Yamasaki M, Nonaka M, Yamada K, Sugano M. Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fats and cytokine levels of mice. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 66:916–920 (2002).
• Alasnier C, Berdeaux O, Chardigny JM, Sebedio JL. Fatty acid composition and conjugated linoleic acid content of different tissues in rats fed individual conjugated linoleic acid isomers given as triacylglycerols. J. Nutr. Biochem. 13(6):337–345 (2002).
• Aletor VA, Roth FX, Paulicks BR, Roth-Maier DA. Growth, body-fat deposition, nitrogen excretion and efficiencies of nutrients utilization in broiler-chicks fed low-protein diets supplemented with amino acids, conjugated linoleic acid or an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Arch. Geflugelkunde 66(1):21–30 (2002).
• Angioni E, Lercker G, Frega NG, Carta G, Melis MP, Murru E, Spada S, Banni S. UV spectral properties of lipids as a tool for their identification. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 104:59–64 (2002).
• Banni S. Conjugated linoleic acid metabolism. [Review] Current Opinions Lipidology 13(3):261–266 (2002).
• Banni S, Murru E, Angioni E, Carta G, Melis MP. Conjugated linoleic acid isomers (CLA): good for everything? Sci. Aliment. 22(4):371–380 (2002).
• Bassaganya-Riera J, Hontecillas R, Beitz DC. Colonic anti-inflammatory mechanisms of conjugated linoleic acid. Clin. Nutr. 21(6):451–459 (2002).
• Bassaganya-Riera J, Hontecillas R, Wannemuehler MJ. Nutritional impact of conjugated linoleic acid: A model functional food ingredient. In Vitro Cell Devel. Biol. Plants 38(3):241–246 (2002).
• Bassaganya-Riera J, Hontecillas R, Zimmerman DR, Wannemuehler MJ. Long-term influence of lipid nutrition on the induction of CD8(+) responses to viral or bacterial antigens. Vaccine 20:1435–1444 (2002).
• Baumgard LH, Corl BA, Dwyer DA, Bauman DE. Effects of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) on tissue response to homeostatic signals and plasma variables associated with lipid metabolism in lactating dairy cows. J. Anim. Sci. 80:1285–1293 (2002).
• Baumgard LH, Matitashvili E, Corl BA, Dwyer DA, Bauman DE. trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid decreases lipogenic rates and expression of genes involved in milk lipid synthesis in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 85(9):2155–2163 (2002).
• Beaulieu AD, Drackley JK, Merchen NR. Concentrations of conjugated linoleic acid (cis-9, trans-11-octadecadienoic acid) are not increased in tissue lipids of cattle fed a high-concentrate diet supplemented with soybean oil. J. Anim. Sci. 80:847–861 (2002).
• Belury MA. Inhibition of carcinogenesis by conjugated linoleic acid: Potential mechanisms of action. J. Nutr. 132(10):2995–2998 (2002).
• Belury MA. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid in health: Physiological effects and mechanisms of action. Ann. Rev. Nutr. 22:505–531 (2002).
• Belury MA, Moya-Camarena SY, Lu M, Shi LL, Leesnitzer LM, Blanchard SG. Conjugated linoleic acid is an activator and ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR gamma). Nutr. Res. 22(7):817–824 (2002).
• Berdeaux O, Gnadig S, Chardigny JM, Loreau O, Noel JP, Sebedio JL. In vitro desaturation and elongation of rumenic acid by rat liver microsomes. Lipids 37(11):1039–1045 (2002).
• Bernas A, Kumar N, Maki-Arvela P, Laine E, Holmbom B, Salmi T, Murzin DY. Conjugation of linoleic acid over a hydrogen pre-activated heterogeneous catalyst. Chem. Commun. (10):1142-1143 2002
• Bernas A, Laukkanen P, Kumar N, Maki-Arvela P, Vayrynen J, Laine E, Holmbom B, Salmi T, Murzin DY. A new heterogeneously catalytic pathway for isomerization of linoleic acid over Ru/C and Ni/H-MCM-41 catalysts. J. Catalysis 210(2):354–366 (2002).
• Black IL, Roche HM, Gibney MJ. Chronic but not acute treatment with conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers (trans-10, cis-12 CLA and cis-9, trans-11 CLA) affects lipid metabolism in Caco-2 cells. J. Nutr. 132(8):2167–2173 (2002).
• Bolte MR, Hess BW, Means WJ, Moss GE, Rule DC. Feeding lambs high-oleate or high-linoleate safflower seeds differentially influences carcass fatty acid composition. J. Anim. Sci. 80:609–616 (2002).
• Boylston TD, Beitz DC. Conjugated linoleic acid and fatty acid composition of yogurt produced from milk of cows fed soy oil and conjugated linoleic acid. J. Food Sci. 67(5):1973–1978 (2002).
• Brondz I. Development of fatty acid analysis by high-performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and related techniques. Anal. Chimica Acta 465(1–2):1–37 (2002).
• Bouthegourd JC, Even PC, Gripois D, Tiffon B, Blouquit MF, Roseau S, Lutton C, Tome D, Martin JC. A CLA mixture prevents body triglyceride accumulation without affecting energy expenditure in Syrian hamsters. J. Nutr. 132(9):2682–2689 (2002).
• Calder PC, Yaqoob P, Thies F, Wallace FA, Miles EA. Fatty acids and lymphocyte functions. Brit. J. Nutr. 87:S31–S48 Suppl. (2002).
• Calder PC. Conjugated linoleic acid in humans - reasons to be cheerful? Curr. Opinion Clin. Nutr. 5:123–126 (2002).
• Carta G, Angioni E, Murru E, Melis MP, Spada S, Banni S. Modulation of lipid metabolism and vitamin A by conjugated linoleic acid. Prostag. Leukotr. Essential Fatty Acids 67(2–3):187–191 (2002).
• Chajes V, Lavillonniere F, Ferrari P, Jourdan ML, Pinault M, Maillard V, Sebedio JL, Bougnoux P. Conjugated linoleic acid content in breast adipose tissue is not associated with the relative risk of breast cancer in a population of French patients. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prevention 11(7):672–673 (2002).
• Cherian G, Goeger MP, Ahn DU. Dietary conjugated linoleic acid with fis